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1 degree of affinity
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2 order
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3 consanguinity
1. n кровное родство2. n духовное родство, близость3. n геол. сродствоСинонимический ряд:1. affinity (noun) affiliation; affinity; brotherhood; close connection; connection; relationship2. kinship (noun) ancestry; blood relation; blood relationship; blood ties; common ancestry; family; family tie; kinship; lineage; race; strain -
4 propinquity
prəˈpɪŋkwɪtɪ сущ.
1) близость, соседство Syn: nearness, closeness, proximity
2) родственность, сходство Syn: similarity, affinity( книжное) близость, соседство - in close * to the house рядом с домом (книжное) близость (по времени) (книжное) (кровное) родство - degree of * степень родства (книжное) родство, сходство, подобие - * of ideas сходство мыслей propinquity близость ~ подобие, родство ~ подобие;
родствоБольшой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > propinquity
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5 comparability
1. сопоставимость; сравнимость2. сравнимостьСинонимический ряд:agreement (noun) affinity; agreement; analogy; approximation; closeness; kinship; similarity -
6 propinquity
1. n книжн. близость, соседствоin close propinquity to the house — рядом с домом, недалеко от дома, по соседству с домом
2. n книжн. родство, сходство, подобиеСинонимический ряд:1. kinship (noun) affiliation; affinity; connection; consanguinity; fellowship; kinship; rapport; relationship; tie2. proximity (noun) appropinquity; approximation; concurrence; contiguity; contiguousness; immediacy; nearness; proximity; vicinity -
7 chemistry
chemistry ['kemɪstrɪ]1 noun∎ sexual chemistry (bonne) entente f sexuelle;∎ figurative there was a certain chemistry between the members of the band il y avait une certaine affinité entre les musiciens;∎ figurative there's no chemistry, the chemistry's missing le courant ne passe pas, on n'a pas d'atomes crochus(lesson, teacher, degree) de chimie►► chemistry set panoplie f de chimiste -
8 Intelligence
There is no mystery about it: the child who is familiar with books, ideas, conversation-the ways and means of the intellectual life-before he begins school, indeed, before he begins consciously to think, has a marked advantage. He is at home in the House of intellect just as the stableboy is at home among horses, or the child of actors on the stage. (Barzun, 1959, p. 142)It is... no exaggeration to say that sensory-motor intelligence is limited to desiring success or practical adaptation, whereas the function of verbal or conceptual thought is to know and state truth. (Piaget, 1954, p. 359)ntelligence has two parts, which we shall call the epistemological and the heuristic. The epistemological part is the representation of the world in such a form that the solution of problems follows from the facts expressed in the representation. The heuristic part is the mechanism that on the basis of the information solves the problem and decides what to do. (McCarthy & Hayes, 1969, p. 466)Many scientists implicitly assume that, among all animals, the behavior and intelligence of nonhuman primates are most like our own. Nonhuman primates have relatively larger brains and proportionally more neocortex than other species... and it now seems likely that humans, chimpanzees, and gorillas shared a common ancestor as recently as 5 to 7 million years ago.... This assumption about the unique status of primate intelligence is, however, just that: an assumption. The relations between intelligence and measures of brain size is poorly understood, and evolutionary affinity does not always ensure behavioral similarity. Moreover, the view that nonhuman primates are the animals most like ourselves coexists uneasily in our minds with the equally pervasive view that primates differ fundamentally from us because they lack language; lacking language, they also lack many of the capacities necessary for reasoning and abstract thought. (Cheney & Seyfarth, 1990, p. 4)Few constructs are asked to serve as many functions in psychology as is the construct of human intelligence.... Consider four of the main functions addressed in theory and research on intelligence, and how they differ from one another.1. Biological. This type of account looks at biological processes. To qualify as a useful biological construct, intelligence should be a biochemical or biophysical process or at least somehow a resultant of biochemical or biophysical processes.2. Cognitive approaches. This type of account looks at molar cognitive representations and processes. To qualify as a useful mental construct, intelligence should be specifiable as a set of mental representations and processes that are identifiable through experimental, mathematical, or computational means.3. Contextual approaches. To qualify as a useful contextual construct, intelligence should be a source of individual differences in accomplishments in "real-world" performances. It is not enough just to account for performance in the laboratory. On [sic] the contextual view, what a person does in the lab may not even remotely resemble what the person would do outside it. Moreover, different cultures may have different conceptions of intelligence, which affect what would count as intelligent in one cultural context versus another.4. Systems approaches. Systems approaches attempt to understand intelligence through the interaction of cognition with context. They attempt to establish a link between the two levels of analysis, and to analyze what forms this link takes. (Sternberg, 1994, pp. 263-264)High but not the highest intelligence, combined with the greatest degrees of persistence, will achieve greater eminence than the highest degree of intelligence with somewhat less persistence. (Cox, 1926, p. 187)There are no definitive criteria of intelligence, just as there are none for chairness; it is a fuzzy-edged concept to which many features are relevant. Two people may both be quite intelligent and yet have very few traits in common-they resemble the prototype along different dimensions.... [Intelligence] is a resemblance between two individuals, one real and the other prototypical. (Neisser, 1979, p. 185)Given the complementary strengths and weaknesses of the differential and information-processing approaches, it should be possible, at least in theory, to synthesise an approach that would capitalise upon the strength of each approach, and thereby share the weakness of neither. (Sternberg, 1977, p. 65)Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Intelligence
См. также в других словарях:
Affinity (in Canon Law) — Affinity (in Canon Law) † Catholic Encyclopedia ► Affinity (in Canon Law) A relationship arising from the carnal intercourse of a man and a woman, sufficient for the generation of children, whereby the man becomes related to the woman … Catholic encyclopedia
Affinity (canon law) — In Canon law of the Catholic church, affinity is a relationship arising from the sexual intercourse of a man and a woman, sufficient for the generation of children, whereby the man becomes related to the woman s blood relatives and the woman to… … Wikipedia
Affinity fraud — includes investment frauds that prey upon members of identifiable groups, such as religious or ethnic communities, the elderly, or professional groups. The fraudsters who promote affinity scams frequently are or pretend to be members of the group … Wikipedia
affinity — af·fin·i·ty /ə fi nə tē/ n pl ties: relationship by marriage compare consanguinity Merriam Webster’s Dictionary of Law. Merriam Webster. 1996 … Law dictionary
Affinity (in the Bible) — Affinity (in the Bible) † Catholic Encyclopedia ► Affinity (in the Bible) Scripture recognizes affinity as an impediment to wedlock. This is evident from the legislation contained in Lev., xviii, 8, 14 16, 18; xx, 11, 12, 14, 20, 21.… … Catholic encyclopedia
affinity — noun ADJECTIVE ▪ close, great, real, special, strong ▪ I felt a great affinity with the people of the islands. ▪ natural ▪ … Collocations dictionary
Affinity (band) — Infobox musical artist Name = Affinity Img capt = Affinity L R: Grant Serpell, Mike Jopp, Linda Hoyle Lynton Naiff, Mo Foster Landscape = yes Background = group or band Origin = University of Sussex, Brighton, England Genre = Jazz Rock Years… … Wikipedia
Affinity (law) — In law and in cultural anthropology, affinity, as distinguished from consanguinity, is kinship by marriage. It is the relation which each party to a marriage bears to the kindred of the other. In English, affinity is usually signified by adding… … Wikipedia
affinity — The connection existing in consequence of marriage between each of the married persons and the kindred of the other. Re Bordeau s Estate, 37 Wash 2d 561, 225 132d 433, 26 ALR2d 249. The tie between one spouse and the blood relations of the other … Ballentine's law dictionary
affinity — noun (plural affinities) 1》 a spontaneous or natural liking or sympathy. ↘a close relationship based on a common origin or structure. ↘relationship by marriage. 2》 chiefly Biochemistry the degree to which a substance tends to combine with … English new terms dictionary
Prohibited degree of kinship — The prohibited degree of kinship refers to a degree of consanguinity (relatedness) below which sexual interrelationships are regarded as incestuous. Inbreeding is a taboo across nearly all cultures worldwide, but the line at which a relationship… … Wikipedia
